Fig. 4

HGSOC with high DNA methylation is usually involved in high recurrence and short overall survival (OS). a Heatmap visualization constructed using k-means clustering of differential methylation positions (DMPs: 5844) (5% false discovery rate) with at least a 20% difference in the methylation level between the platinum- sensitive and platinum-resistant groups across the 30 HGSOC cases. b Boxplot visualization of comparison of the DMP methylation levels of platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant HGSOC. The median DMP methylation levels were 0.692 and 0.373 in platinum-resistant and platinum-sensitive cells, respectively. P value (****P < 0.0001) was computed by the Wilcoxon test. c Manhattan plot of differentially methylated positions, where each point represents the observed  − log10-adjusted P value at a CpG site. A total of 23 significant DMPs (annotated to 20 DMP-associated genes) (adjusted P < 5*10⁻³) found on the relevant gene promoter regions were marked. d Volcano plot showing the distribution of 5844 DMP hypermethylated DMPs (red) with FDR-adjusted P < 0.05 and difference in β value (|logFC|> 0.2). Lines represent cutoff values used to identify the most hypermethylated DMPs (red). Dashed lines represent cutoffs for the significant DMP-associated genes [1471 genes]. The most differentially regulated genes of hypermethylated sites are marked. e Boxplot visualization of comparisons of the DNA methylation levels of platinum-resistant and platinum-sensitive groups. P value (****P < 0.0001) was computed by the Wilcoxon test. f KEGG signaling pathway enrichment of differentially methylated genes analyzed by the clusterProfiler package in R. The circle size represents gene numbers, and the color represents the p-adjusted value