DNA methylation in repeat negative prostate biopsies as a marker of missed prostate cancer

Clinical Epigenetics

Table 2 Association between gene-specific methylation (considered as a continuous variable, per each 1% increase) and the risk of prostate cancer detection

Gene	ORs of prostate cancer for methylation level in the second biopsy		ORs of prostate cancer for the highest^† methylation level between the first and the second biopsy
Gene	OR1 (95% CI)	OR2 (95% CI)	OR1 (95% CI)	OR2 (95% CI)
GSTP1	1.19 (1.06 to 1.33)	1.14 (1.01 to 1.29)	1.23 (1.10 to 1.39)	1.21 (1.07 to 1.37)
PITX2	0.98 (0.94 to 1.03)	0.99 (0.94 to 1.04)	1.02 (0.98 to 1.06)	1.02 (0.97 to 1.06)
APC	1.02 (0.95 to 1.09)	1.01 (0.94 to 1.09)	1.04 (0.97 to 1.10)	1.03 (0.96 to 1.10)
C1orf114	1.02 (0.99 to 1.06)	1.02 (0.98 to1.05)	1.04 (1.00 to 1.08)	1.03 (0.99 to 1.06)
GABRE	1.00 (0.94 to 1.06)	0.99 (0.93 to 1.06)	1.00 (0.95 to 1.06)	1.00 (0.94 to 1.06)
LINE-1	1.01 (0.95 to1.07)	0.99 (0.92 to 1.06)	1.00 (0.93 to 1.07)	0.97 (0.90 to 1.04)

OR odd ratio, CI confidence interval
OR1 adjusted for the matching variables (ward and time distance between the first biopsy and the index sampling)
OR2 adjusted for the matching variables, age and year at the first biopsy and prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) at the second biopsy (continuous variables are centered at their mean)
^†for example: if methylation in GSTP1 is 4% in the first biopsy and 7% in the second biopsy, the highest level used for this analysis is 7%

ISSN: 1868-7083