Table 2 Correlations between leptin plasma levels, gene expression, DNA methylation, and offspring clinical variables in the cohort as a whole (O-GDM, O-T1DM, and O-BP combined)

Leptin plasma levels

0.594 (<0.001)

0.141 (0.120)

LEP gene expression

0.594 (<0.001)

−0.001 (0.991)

Average LEP DNA methylation

0.141 (0.120)

−0.001 (0.991)

BMI (kg/m²)

0.472 (<0.001)

0.279 (<0.001)

0.059 (0.519)^a

Fasting insulin (pmol/l)

0.540 (<0.001)

0.303 (<0.001)

0.131 (0.163)^a

Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l)

0.082 (0.245)

0.121 (0.130)

0.152 (0.094)^a

120-min plasma glucose (mmol/l)

0.267 (<0.001)

0.317 (<0.001)

0.173 (0.062)^a

Total body fat (%)

0.892 (<0.001)

0.564 (<0.001)

0.126 (0.167)^a

HOMA-IR

0.527 (<0.001)

0.296 (<0.001)

0.149 (0.113)^a

Mean systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

−0.138 (0.050)

−0.127 (0.112)

0.032 (0.725)^a

Mean diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

0.368 (<0.001)

0.187 (0.019)

0.134 (0.138)^a

Waist circumference (cm)

0.206 (0.003)

0.149 (0.061)

0.096 (0.289)^a

HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

0.071 (0.316)

−0.008 (0.919)

−0.133 (0.141)^a