Aberrant DNA methylation in melanoma: biomarker and therapeutic opportunities

Clinical Epigenetics

Table 1 Summary of well described tumor suppressor genes methylation in melanoma

Gene name	Function	Methylation prevalence (%)	Methylation context	Associated changes	Reference
PTEN	Inhibitor of PI3K signaling	6–62	Promoter hypermethylation	Gene transcription silenced	[14, 15, 22]
p16	Inhibitor of CDK4/6	5–27	Promoter hypermethylation	NRAS mutation associated	[16, 27, 29]
p14	Inhibitor of MDM2	41–57	Promoter hypermethylation	Gene transcription decreased	[17, 31]
RASSF1A	Cell cycle regulator	15–57	Promoter hypermethylation	Loss of expression	[19, 150]
MGMT	DNA repair	35	Promoter hypermethylation	No correlation	[150]

ISSN: 1868-7083