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Table 1 Description of two subsets of the ESTHER study, an epidemiological study of the elderly general population in Germany

From: Frailty is associated with the epigenetic clock but not with telomere length in a German cohort

Characteristic

 

Dataset 1

Dataset 2

p a

Total

n

969

851

 

Age in years

μ (SD)

62.1 (6.5)

63.0 (6.7)

0.0078

Methylation age in years

μ (SD)

61.7 (7.1)

64.6 (7.7)

<0.0001

Age acceleration in yearsb

μ (SD)

−0.5 (5.0)

1.6 (5.3)

<0.0001

Relative telomere length

μ (SD)

1.22 (0.31)

1.03 (0.27)

<0.0001

Frailty index (in %)

μ (SD)

25.0 (14.7)

25.5 (15.1)

0.41

Sex

 Females

n (%)

484 (50.0)

464 (54.5)

0.051

 Males

n (%)

485 (50.1)

387 (45.5)

 

Smoking behaviorc

 Never

n (%)

455 (48.0)

371 (45.0)

0.38

 Former

n (%)

320 (33.7)

284 (34.5)

 

 Current

n (%)

174 (18.3)

169 (20.5)

 

Alcohol consumptionc

 None

n (%)

300 (33.6)

260 (33.7)

0.76

 <20 g/d (women), <40 g/d (men)

n (%)

524 (58.6)

458 (59.4)

 

 20+ g/d (women), 40+ g/d (men)

n (%)

70 (7.8)

53 (6.9)

 

History of cancerc

 Self-report negative

n (%)

882 (93.2)

742 (90.5)

0.034

 Self-report positive

n (%)

64 (6.8)

78 (9.5)

 
  1. Dataset 1, consecutively recruited subsample of the source study. Dataset 2, sampled in the context of a case-cohort study. For details, see text
  2. a Chi-square test for categorical variables, t test for continuous variables
  3. b Difference-based age acceleration, i.e., methylation age—chronological age
  4. c Missing values (dataset 1, dataset 2) in smoking (20, 27), alcohol consumption (75, 80), and history of cancer (23, 31)